Zero-Emissions City in the Desert

In my visit to MIT earlier this week I heard of MIT’s participation in Abu Dhabi’s green metropolis.  Here is the article in Technology Review.

Energy surplus: Masdar headquarters, shown in an architectural rendering, is designed to generate more renewable electricity than it consumes; it would be the first large-scale, multi-use building to do so.
Credit: ©Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture

The city will be an oasis of renewable energy in a country of five million, made rich by oil, that consumes the most natural resources per capita in the world. Seen one way, it's just the latest ostentatious project in a country that's been defined by them. Indeed, the UAE is already home to the world's tallest building and an enormous indoor ski facility that features a 200-meter-long black-diamond slope. Real-estate developers have dredged coral and sand from the sea floor, piling it up in the Persian Gulf to create islands in the shape of palm trees and a map of the world.

Yet many experts are optimistic that the city can become a test bed for new approaches to the engineering and architectural problems involved in creating environmentally sustainable cities. Although architects have already designed and builders constructed many small zero-emissions residences and commercial buildings, projects involving large, multi-use commercial buildings have fallen short of expectations, using too much energy or failing to generate enough. Part of the problem is the growing complexity that comes with scale, says J. Michael McQuade, senior vice president of science and technology at United Technologies in Hartford, CT; today's design software hasn't been able to handle it. But Masdar City, itself developed with the help of extensive modeling, will be wired from the beginning to collect data that could prove valuable for developing better models. That information could make future zero-emissions cities cheaper and easier to build.

Why?

And the development is meant to make money, not just introduce new technology. "We want Masdar City to be profitable, not just a sunk cost," said Khaled Awad, the project's director of property development, at a huge real-estate exhibition in Dubai last fall. "If it is not profitable as a real-estate development, it is not sustainable." Yet if it is, it may be replicable.

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Googles Announces PowerMeter

NyTimes has an article about Google’s announcement today.

Google Taking a Step Into Power Metering

Published: February 9, 2009

SAN FRANCISCO — Google will announce its entry Tuesday into the small but growing business of “smart grid,” digital technologies that seek to both keep the electrical system on an even keel and reduce electrical energy consumption.

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Times Topics: Google Inc.

Google is one of a number of companies devising ways to control the demand for electric power as an alternative to building more power plants. The company has developed a free Web service called PowerMeter that consumers can use to track energy use in their house or business as it is consumed.

Google is counting on others to build devices to feed data into PowerMeter technology. While it hopes to begin introducing the service in the next few months, it has not yet lined up hardware manufacturers.

“We can’t build this product all by ourselves,” said Kirsten Olsen Cahill, a program manager at Google.org, the company’s corporate philanthropy arm. “We depend on a whole ecosystem of utilities, device makers and policies that would allow consumers to have detailed access to their home energy use and make smarter energy decisions.”

“Smart grid” is the new buzz phrase in the electric business, encompassing a variety of approaches that involve more communication between utility operators and components of the grid, including transformers, power lines, customer meters and even home appliances like dishwashers.

Google continues to grab the mindshare, and leveraging President Obama’s changes.

The stimulus bill now going to a House-Senate conference committee has allocated $4.4 billion for “smart” technologies, including four million of these next-generation monitors, called smart meters. Proponents say that could make more effective use of existing power lines and generate employment.

“You can hire a lot of people to install smart meters,” said James Hoecker, a former chairman of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, which has some jurisdiction over transmission lines.

Also, thanks to OSIsoft’s Pat Kennedy for forwarding this article, and reminding me we had talked about this idea a couple of years ago, and it is interesting to see Google is a  market player.

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60% Decrease in Carbon Credits

WSJ Environmental Blog reports on a 60% decrease in carbon credits.

Cheap Carbon: Permit Prices Tank, Threatening Clean-Energy Projects

Posted by Keith Johnson

Leila Abboud reports:

In the wake of the financial meltdown, markets are under fire everywhere, kind words from President Obama notwithstanding. The meltdown and falling prices is hitting one arena especially hard: the carbon market.

After a record year in 2008, prices for carbon-emission permits in Europe have collapsed. They’re now at about 11.6 euros, down 60% from their summertime highs. Carbon prices are falling, in large part, because of the economic slowdown and a fall in industrial output; shuttered factories emit less pollution, meaning companies have an easier time meeting emissions targets and need to buy fewer permits on the open market.

Falling carbon prices isn’t necessarily a bad thing. For big utilities, like Germany’s RWE, it’s good news because it reduces their cost of complying with Europe’s increasingly tough carbon caps.

But a lower carbon price does one negative side effect: It stifles investors’ interest in clean-energy projects in the developing world.

That’s because prices have also plummeted for carbon-emission reduction credits generated by putting up wind farms in Mongolia or by cleaning up steel factories in India. Those carbon permits, known as CERs, are now flirting with record-low prices of about 10 euros. Project developers who put clean energy projects in the developing world sell the emissions credits to companies, especially those in Europe, that need to buy those credits to comply with environmental regulations. Since CERs are usually cheaper than conventional credits, companies can use them to meet part of their emissions-reductions targets.

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Even with Low Energy Prices, Nuclear Energy Continues on Wave of Clean Energy

A barrel of oil has hit $35, making the ROI for alternative energy sources negative.  But, interest continues in Nuclear.  Shut down Nuclear plants are threatened to be turned on in Eastern Europe to address natural gas supplies from Russia.

The push by Bulgaria and Slovakia highlights the EU’s need to diversify its gas supply routes. “Preparations … must begin immediately,” said Bulgarian President Georgi Purvanov shortly after Russia cut supplies to Europe. He was referring to reactors three and four of the Kozloduy power plant. The closure of the reactors was a prerequisite to Bulgaria’s entry into the EU.

Puranov recently said that under the treaty that allowed Bulgaria to join the EU, his country has “the right to resume the operation of the two reactors in a critical situation, and a more critical situation is hardly possible,” he was quoted as saying by the semi-official Bulgarian News Agency. “If the situation does not normalize,” he added referring to Russian gas cuts, “I expect our European partners to show understanding and not to object to such a move," Purvanov said.

Barrons has an article about Nuclear Energy.

The Blossoming of Nuclear Power 

By ROBIN GOLDWYN BLUMENTHAL  | MORE ARTICLES BY AUTHOR

Exelon, Entergy and other nuclear-power giants are set to surge, thanks to the Obama administration's plans for heavy investment in clean energy.

THE U.S. STANDS AT A PIVOTAL MOMENT for the advancement of nuclear energy.

President-elect Barack Obama has put forth a goal to reduce carbon emissions in the U.S. by 80% by 2050, using $150 billion over 10 years to create a "clean-energy" future. Nuclear plants are the biggest producers of energy that doesn't emit any greenhouse gases.

[pic]

Scott Pollack for Barron's

Plans are afoot to build 26 nuclear plants. No new plants have been built in the U.S. for 30 years.

"Nuclear power is in a renaissance," says Tom Neff, a physicist and research affiliate at MIT's Center for International Studies. In fact, 17 applicants are seeking government approval to build 26 nuclear plants, meeting a Dec. 31 deadline for federal tax credits and potentially ending a 30-year hiatus in the construction of new U.S. nuke facilities.

That adds up to a big investment opportunity. Even if it takes 10 years for the first of the new crop to be built -- a distinct possibility -- some of the power companies operating the 104 existing nuclear plants look tempting right now. Their stocks are cheap and their competitive advantages are many. They have lower costs than rivals such as coal-fired facilities, putting them in a better position to ride out the recession. They'll come out much better than the competition if a carbon tax is imposed. And they're better-prepared for the long haul in the new era of nuclear power.

As there is more interest in Carbon Cap and Trade, data center carbon emissions will eventually be reported. And, nuclear plants are the next best thing to hydroelectric for 24 hour carbon free dependable power supplies at scale and cost required for a data center.

I am waiting for the anti-nuclear crowd to require a radioactivity emissions to battle nuclear plants.  But, what few people know is coal ash is more radioactive than nuclear waste.  See this Scientific American article.

Coal Ash Is More Radioactive than Nuclear Waste

By burning away all the pesky carbon and other impurities, coal power plants produce heaps of radiation

By Mara Hvistendahl

 

nuclear-power-plant-with-radiation-sign

CONCENTRATED RADIATION: By burning coal into ash, power plants concentrate the trace amounts of radioactive elements within the black rock.
©ISTOCKPHOTO.COM

The popular conception of nuclear power is straight out of The Simpsons: Springfield abounds with signs of radioactivity, from the strange glow surrounding Mr. Burn's nuclear power plant workers to Homer's low sperm count. Then there's the local superhero, Radioactive Man, who fires beams of "nuclear heat" from his eyes. Nuclear power, many people think, is inseparable from a volatile, invariably lime-green, mutant-making radioactivity.

Coal, meanwhile, is believed responsible for a host of more quotidian problems, such as mining accidents, acid rain and greenhouse gas emissions. But it isn't supposed to spawn three-eyed fish like Blinky.

Over the past few decades, however, a series of studies has called these stereotypes into question. Among the surprising conclusions: the waste produced by coal plants is actually more radioactive than that generated by their nuclear counterparts. In fact, the fly ash emitted by a power plant—a by-product from burning coal for electricity—carries into the surrounding environment 100 times more radiation than a nuclear power plant producing the same amount of energy. * [See Editor's Note at end of page 2]

At issue is coal's content of uranium and thorium, both radioactive elements. They occur in such trace amounts in natural, or "whole," coal that they aren't a problem. But when coal is burned into fly ash, uranium and thorium are concentrated at up to 10 times their original levels.

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Green Lockerbie Data Centre

Lockerbie Data Centres announced its new 800 million pound Scotland project.

Plans to create the world’s largest data centre at Peelhouses outside Lockerbie have been unveiled by Scottish firm, Lockerbie Data Centres Ltd.
A first for Scotland, the £800 million Peelhouses Data Centre and Sustainable Village will give Lockerbie international prestige and make it a leading international centre in I.T. and data storage. The development will enshrine principles of sustainability and address economic, social and environmental aspects of the locality, the region and Scotland as a whole.

Lockerbie Data Centre is emphasizing its Green efforts.

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Synopsis: Lockerbie Data Centres Limited propose to develop a sustainable village with a range of land uses on the edge of Lockerbie in Dumfries & Galloway.  The development will enshrine principles of sustainability and address Economic, Social and Environmental aspects of the locality, the region, and Scotland as a whole.  The principal element of the development is a two hundred and fifty thousand square metre data storage facility.  This facility will address a world-wide shortage of data storage capacity, and offset the vast energy inputs required by balancing this with local renewable energy sources and the re-use of energy in a new village that will initially provide up to seven hundred and fifty new homes of mixed tenure.  Commercial and business space suitable for companies and individuals working in the Web-Commerce and I.T. industries will also be incorporated into the layout of the village.  The sustainable credentials of the development are based on a grouping of interdependent and interacting circumstances that this locality can provide and which will benefit the existing community and commerce.

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The environmental sustainability of the project draws together a number of locally available factors. The data storage facility requires a great deal of electrical power, mostly for cooling. The cool climate reduces the load required, but that which is required will be provided partially by a new wind farm and an existing bio-mass generation plant just to the north of the site, with backup from the national grid. Unlike most of the existing data centres in existence, the heat produced by the plant will not be lost as exhaust to the atmosphere, but will form the basis of a community heat and power distribution to the benefit of the new housing and commercial space on site, the new sports centre and swimming pool and the new school in Lockerbie, and possibly also to existing residential properties in the town.

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