Royal Bank of Canada gets the issues for Environment and Water - Executive Commitment

Back in Oct 2007 a month before I started the Green Data Center Blog I ran across some folks at RBC, and found out about their environmental commitment. RBC launched their corporate commitment by their president & CEO Gord Nixon sending out a letter to their staff. Here is a short excerpt from his letter.

Our clients, especially those from the boomer generation, expect to see companies like RBC making a difference in the world. All our research tells us that water shortages will be one of the most significant environmental and humanitarian challenges of the coming decades, and that is the reason we have decided to focus our efforts here. If you’re interested in reading more about the RBC Blue Water Project.

Over the coming months and years, we will be announcing new initiatives as part of the Blueprint, including a focus on reducing our own environmental impact. I know that some parts of RBC are further ahead than others in this area, but the Blueprint will ensure that we’ll all be moving in the same direction, and making an effort to do better everywhere.

The RBC Environmental Blueprint will be available online shortly.

RBC has executed a carbon offset program for its online applications.

We use approximately 715 megawatt hours of energy per year to operate the primary and backup systems that power our online applications. According to Environment Canada's Interim Guidance on Performance Measures for Greenhouse Gas Emissions, this energy use produces approximately 244 metric tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions per year. To offset the environmental impact of these emissions, we have purchased high quality carbon offsets – a unit of greenhouse gas emissions validated to have been removed from the atmosphere.

RBC is one of those companies who wants to be a leader in environmental sustainability.

We believe that preservation of the environment is fundamental to the sustainability of our communities, our clients and our company. And we believe that we can help to preserve the environment, while at the same time providing both short- and long-term benefits to our shareholders, clients and employees.

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Microsoft Research Announces RFP for Power Aware Computing, $500,000 available

Kim Shearer, Microsoft Research's Sustainable program manager just posted this project on their web site.  Microsoft just announced its Power Aware Computing Request for Proposals 2008 to non-profit colleges or research institutions.

Current work in sustainable and power aware computing suggests two fundamental principles for work in the area. The first is the principle of pay for play, suggesting that the power consumed by a computing device should be proportional to the demand placed upon the system. Systems today typically consume approximately 70% of their maximum load power at idle which defeats this goal. Secondly there is a goal of treating power or energy as a first class resource. There exists a significant body of resource management work largely revolving around attaining maximum performance. It is important that energy efficiency be given a role of equal importance in resource management.

This worldwide RFP seeks to stimulate novel research into increasing energy efficiency, thereby reducing the power consumption of computing. We are soliciting work that has the potential to become part of a large research portfolio, and we encourage proposals that are outside the usual line of enquiry.

The total amount available under this request for proposals (RFP) is $500,000. Microsoft Research anticipates making approximately 5 awards averaging $100,000, with a maximum of $150,000 for any single award. All awards will be made in $US. Awards are generally made as unrestricted gifts to the institution. Outside the United States other local restrictions may apply to the terms of the award. For current policy regarding non-U.S. countries, please refer to http://research.microsoft.com/ur/us/fundingopps/faq.aspx.

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Water is a Critical Resource for a Green Data Center

In my Dynamic PUE post I made a point that water could be overlooked in an overzealous focus on PUE.  Without plentiful inexpensive water many cooling systems would be in serious problems.  Some data centers have wisely looked at how they integrate with a municipalities water system, and some are using gray water in their cooling system.

By coincidence MSBNC posted an article on how the drought in the Southeast could shut down nuclear power plants.

“Water is the nuclear industry’s Achilles’ heel,” said Jim Warren, executive director of N.C. Waste Awareness and Reduction Network, an environmental group critical of nuclear power. “You need a lot of water to operate nuclear plants.” He added: “This is becoming a crisis.”

An Associated Press analysis of the nation’s 104 nuclear reactors found that 24 are in areas experiencing the most severe levels of drought. All but two are built on the shores of lakes and rivers and rely on submerged intake pipes to draw billions of gallons of water for use in cooling and condensing steam after it has turned the plants’ turbines.

Water rights are a complicated issue, and many times the first rights go to livestock. If you want to read an interesting perspective on water and the American west check out Cadillac Desert.

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CNNMoney picks up story on Feds going Green saving $1 Bil, will Watt Rating be a new # for purchasing criteria?

Intel and HP's PR teams must be happy.  CNNMoney picked up on their study that the federal goverment, the nation's largest energy user could  save more than $1 bil by greening their data centers.

A few friends have suggested the DoD is seriously evaluating the power consumption of IT systems from desktops, laptops to servers, investigating lower energy consumption as a cost reduction.  Given the maturity of the industry, you could imagine there is a new standard based on the amount power required by a worker, and that worker then gets a given system configuration based on the power allowance. 

In the past there has been monetary budgets allowed for a given worker.  Is it a future of the Green effort that Office workers and business units are given power/electricity allocations?  And, these allocations are tracked year to year?

Some Data Centers have started this type of reporting, it is just a matter of time and awareness that power consumption should be reported in real time.  The # of PCs and lights left on in the office and servers needlessly running, is one of the biggest opportunities and there are companies like Verdiem, 1E, and Cassatt, making a business to provide this service.

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Dynamic PUE real world use

I've been meaning to write about PUE, and have been stumped in that It is defined as a metric, and in the Green Grid document referenced it makes no reference that is dynamic. In reality PUE will be a dynamic # that changes as the load changes in a room. How ironic would it be that your best PUE # is when all the servers are running at near capacity, and shutting down servers to save power will increase your PUE? Or your energy efficient cooling system uses large amounts of water in Southern California where it is just a matter of time before water shortages will cause more environmental issues?

What helped me to think of PUE as a dynamic # is to think of it as quality control metric. The quality of the electrical and mechanical systems and their operations over time are inputs into PUE.  As load changes and servers will be turned off the variability of the power and cooling systems influence you PUE.  So, PUE can now have a statistical range of operation given the conditions.  This sounds familiar.  It's statistical process control.

Statistical Process Control (SPC) is an effective method of monitoring a process through the use of control charts. Much of its power lies in the ability to monitor both process centre and its variation about that centre. By collecting data from samples at various points within the process, variations in the process that may affect the quality of the end product or service can be detected and corrected, thus reducing waste and as well as the likelihood that problems will be passed on to the customer. With its emphasis on early detection and prevention of problems, SPC has a distinct advantage over quality methods, such as inspection, that apply resources to detecting and correcting problems in the end product or service.

For example, a breakfast cereal packaging line may be designed to fill each cereal box with 500 grams of product, but some boxes will have slightly more than 500 grams, and some will have slightly less, in accordance with a distribution of net weights. If the production process, its inputs, or its environment changes (for example, the machines doing the manufacture begin to wear) this distribution can change. For example, as its cams and pulleys wear out, the cereal filling machine may start putting more cereal into each box than specified. If this change is allowed to continue unchecked, more and more product will be produced that fall outside the tolerances of the manufacturer or consumer, resulting in waste. While in this case, the waste is in the form of "free" product for the consumer, typically waste consists of rework or scrap.

By observing at the right time what happened in the process that led to a change, the quality engineer or any member of the team responsible for the production line can troubleshoot the root cause of the variation that has crept in to the process and correct the problem.

This last point of observing at the right time what happened in the process that led to a change ultimately what needs to be achieved with a dynamic PUE system.  Without a system like this and mindset, you wouldn't know how to fix PUE problems. Which is what I think is wrong with a static PUE mindset.  You need a closed loop feedback to monitor the PUE and see if it is performing as expected given the operating conditions and load.

Note: the point about breakfast cereal reminds of Microsoft's Mike Manos, Sr. Director Data Center Services, and his first job working in Rice a Roni operations, learning process control, which is probably why he has invested in software from OSIsoft to help monitor PUE.  Cornell uses the same SW as well.  For more details see Microsoft's Jeff O'Reilly presentation or Cornell's Jason Banfelder presentation.

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